Köprü Anasayfa

Anarşi & Terör

"Bahar 2006" 94. Sayı

  • Anarchy and Terror

    Editorial

    Anarchism is an instrument and philosophy of destruction definable as the violent movements against the integrity of a society, and against the authority and self-respect of a state. Anarchism has caused a lot of oppression, pain and tears during the 20th century in a number of societies. It needs to be analyzed multi-dimensionally due to the fact that it is a concept defining various political philosophies, ideologies and social movements which defend to get rid of every types of the social hierarchy.

    Bediüzzaman remarked that 'this century has caused the total brutality of the all of the previous centuries only in the one time'. While this century was passing away, everybody hoped that the new century and millennium would bring up peace and happiness for the whole world, but this did not happen, even from the start on. After the attacks of the Twin towers just at the beginning of the century, terror became the mostly spoken issue in the world's agenda. Following that, the connection of the terror with the Islam, which contains love and peace at its core, and the military attacks of USA with some other Western countries due to the excuse of terror into the settled regions of Islam started new developments and discussions.

    Today, terror, which seeks for the destruction of the existing order, is a common issue in the whole world regardless of its shape and size. Despite, we notice that the judicial and police measures against terror did not function in the many countries of the world effectively. Even the powerful states can not defuse terror. Thus, we should not disregard the main reasons of the terror and anarchy while discussing the measures to be taken against them.

    We might think that the dissatisfaction of the human soul lead to the spiritual depression that causes to the anarchic tendencies, from the point of view of the human personality and psychology alongside with sociological reasons. In this context, Bediüzzaman puts forward the Risâle-i Nur as an Alexandrian barrier against the anarchism, which he sees as a big threat from the outside. He attracts to this threat our attention by saying 'the world experiences a very big crisis.' At this point, he stresses the significance of the practice of the Islamic moral and beliefs.

    Bediüzzaman explains five principles to get rid of anarchy as 'mercy, respect, security, avoidance of religiously wrong deeds, and obedience'. Also, those principles and his ideas to regulate the social life as 'positive manner' and 'protecting order' become more important if we consider contemporary developments.

    We consider all of these and dedicate our 94th issue to "anarchy and terror". We plan to treat this subject in the conceptual framework of "anarchy, anarchism, terror, instigation, order, stability, violence, law, religion, ethics, nihilism, opposition, fundamentalism, holy war, socialism, communism, freedom, ultimate freedom, materialism etc." and look for answers to the following questions.

    What is anarchism? What does it aim to? What is the correlation between anarchy and terror? How can be the variety of the anarchist philosophies explained? How can we explain the change of the reasons of anarchy from society to society? Where do we need to look for the reason and source of anarchy psychologically? What kind of a human type and soul can be related to anarchy, psychologically? What are the psychological and sociological reasons that force people to anarchy? Can we suppose that some political and economic systems reinforce anarchy? What are the thoughts by Bediüzzaman to prohibit anarchy? What is the role of the Risâle-i Nur by the prevention of anarchy and terror? What is the impact of the weakness of the practice of the Islamic beliefs and ethics upon the anarchy? Can we conceive of the protection of the traditional and moral values as a precaution against terror? If we contemplate relatively and consider anarchy not only as armed conflicts, but as a moral collapse in the social structure, what kind of a picture do we get as a result? What kind of a relationship can be attached between Islam-Anarchy; Islam-Terror? Is it possible to talk of an Islamic terror? How can we interpret the verse of "…that whoever slays a soul, unless it be for manslaughter or for mischief in the land, it is as though he slew all men…" (Maide/32) against the violence and terror acts in the name of Islam (Holy war)? How can we set up a relationship between anarchism and freedom? Is it possible to reach the stage of an ultimate freedom as anarchists claim? What is the relationship between the regulation and use of freedom(s) and anarchy? What kind of a relationship does exist between the democracy and anarchy? What kind of judicial and administrative measures has to be taken against the anarchy and terror generally? How can we comment on the developments after 9/11? What are the impacts of 9/11 upon Islam?

    Nuri Çakır discusses anarchism as a philosophical trend referring to the ideas of Bediüzzaman on the concepts of individual, society, state, freedom and stateless society.

    Ali Bakkal defines the concepts of anarchy and terror and then shows the reasons for and remedies against the terror. He also remarks the sensitive points in the struggle against terror.

    Cemal Ağırman explains in his article the concepts of anarchy and terror and investigates the relation between Islam and terror.

    Ahmet Güç examines the contribution of the religion onto the world peace on the conceptual basis of religion and peace.

    Gökhan Bacık explains the concepts of anarchy, stability and legitimacy. He expresses that anarchy emerges in the case of absence of legitimacy. He talks about the importance of consent centered relationship between the state and citizen for the continuity of the a stable atmosphere.

    Ramazan Altıntaş emphasizes the corruption and chaos in the ethical values. According to the author, this corruption alongside with anarchism causes to an Machiavellian mentality, in which everything becomes acceptable to reach the goal.

    We discuss in our reportage with Faruk Birtek the concept of anarchy. Birtek differentiates anarchy and terror from each other, and defines anarchy as a history of refusal. He also emphasizes the importance of justice together with the personal rights and freedom in order to get rid of terror.

    Abdullah Hakimoğlu's article exposes the reasons for and remedies against the anarchy according to Said Nursi, which aims to extinguish the family, social and state order.

    Mücahit Bilici tells us the horrible story of the secret revolution which began during the period of Ronald Reagan, but gives its mostly visible fruits during the Presidency of Gorg W. Bush. His text clarifies the intellectual sources of the dominant neo-conservative thought in America.

    Furkan Aydıner discusses the negative views of Westerners after 9/11 and the means to overcome and rescue from these views.

    Şadi Eren mentions that misunderstanding of religious texts lead us to many serious problems for the practice of religion. He shows us the misinterpreted verses and traditions of the Prophet on the Holy war.

    Musa Kazım Yılmaz discusses the Islamic methodology for the prohibition of Islam and the ultimate goal of the anarchy in Turkey.

    Ali Murat Yel studies the basic reasons of terrorism. Yel indicates the need and significance of the examination of the circumstances which either prepare terrorism, or make the emergence and efficiency of it possible, more deeply.

    İsmail Taşpınar examines in his article "Christian Anarchists" who claim that Christianity is based on its foundations to an 'anarchic' teaching.

    Sadık Yalsızuçanlar disputes the disorder after the coup d'etat and argues that this disorder is more 'anarchic' than the previous situation.

    Mustafa Armağan accents two concepts, anarchy and anomie, and states that the experiences in our country seem to be anomie rather than anarchy. He also takes our attention to the rebellious dimension of our cultural atmosphere and indicates the everyday appearances of this anomic situation.

    Vehbi Karakaş attracts our attention into the chaotic situation in our society and shows us the reasons and remedies of terrorism according to Bediüzzaman.

    Abdünnasır Yiner presents us the biography of Hasan Sabbah who was the founder of the Nizarî-İsmailî state and was very prominent figure during the Seljukid period due to his association and assassinations.

    ***

    Now, we want to give up our word and to invite you to the pages of our journal. We hope we will meet again in our 95th issue with the subject of "Ethics".